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Colon

Colorectal
How is a Digital Rectal Exam Performed?

Overview

A digital rectal exam (DRE) is a critical clinical procedure that evaluates the lower rectum, anus, and internal organs. This examination is essential for detecting abnormalities such as tumors, prostate issues, and other potentially serious conditions. This guide will explain how a digital rectal exam is conducted, why it’s essential, and what patients can expect during the procedure.

What is a Digital Rectal Exam?

A digital rectal exam is a physical examination that involves the insertion of a lubricated, gloved finger into the rectum, the final segment of the large intestine. It is a common procedure used to assess abnormalities of the rectum, anus, and prostate gland. Despite the discomfort it may cause, the DRE is a quick, low-risk procedure that provides valuable information about the health of this region.

Why is a Digital Rectal Exam Performed?

The digital rectal exam is a diagnostic tool used for several reasons:

  • Prostate Examination: In men, one of the primary purposes of a DRE is to check the prostate gland for signs of enlargement, nodules, or tenderness, which could indicate conditions like benign prostatic hyperplasia or prostate cancer.
  • Detection of Rectal Tumors: The exam helps in identifying tumors in the rectum that might not be seen during other diagnostic tests.
  • Assessment of Fecal Incontinence: DRE can assess the tone of the sphincter muscles, which is important for patients experiencing fecal incontinence.
  • Hemorrhoids and Other Anomalies: It also aids in detecting abnormalities such as hemorrhoids, anal fissures, or rectal prolapse.

How is a Digital Rectal Exam Performed?

The procedure for a digital rectal exam is straightforward but requires technique and sensitivity on the part of the healthcare provider. Here’s what typically happens during a DRE:

  1. Preparation: The patient is asked to undress from the waist down and wear a hospital gown. The exam is usually performed with the patient lying on their side with knees brought to the chest, although it can also be done in a bent-over position.
  2. Explanation: Before beginning, the healthcare provider explains the procedure to ensure that the patient understands and consents to the examination.
  3. Glove and Lubrication: The examiner wears a sterile glove and applies a water-based lubricant to the index finger to ease the insertion into the rectum.
  4. Insertion and Palpation: The lubricated finger is gently inserted into the rectum. The healthcare provider then palpates the walls of the rectum, the prostate in males, and checks for any abnormalities in the area.
  5. Feedback and Communication: During the exam, the provider may ask the patient if they feel any pain or discomfort. Feedback can help identify specific areas that may need more detailed investigation.
  6. Conclusion of the Exam: Once the examination is complete, the healthcare provider removes the finger, and the patient is allowed to dress. The doctor will discuss any findings or the need for further tests.

What to Expect After a Digital Rectal Exam?

Following a digital rectal exam, some patients might experience slight discomfort or a small amount of bleeding, especially if hemorrhoids or anal fissures are present. However, serious complications from a digital rectal exam are extremely rare.

Importance of the Digital Rectal Exam in Medical Diagnostics

Despite some discomfort, a digital rectal exam is a vital tool for diagnosing significant health issues. It allows for early detection of potentially serious conditions, which is crucial for effective treatment. For instance, early detection of prostate cancer via DRE can significantly impact treatment outcomes.

Summary

A digital rectal exam is a quick, safe, and essential procedure that plays a critical role in diagnosing and monitoring conditions affecting the rectum, anus and prostate. While it may seem uncomfortable, the benefits of undergoing a DRE far outweigh the brief discomfort. If you’re due for a DRE, remember that this simple exam could be pivotal in maintaining your rectal health and ensuring early detection of serious health issues.

August 25, 2024

Colorectal
What foods are good for colon health?

Keeping your colon in shape is crucial, for your health. The colon, also known as the intestine plays a role in digesting food absorbing essential nutrients and getting rid of waste. A functioning colon can help prevent digestive issues, including colon cancer, which ranks as the third most common cancer affecting both men and women in the United States.

While major risk factors include age, and previous colon illnesses, the leading risk factors for people of all ages are obesity and poor diet which is also linked to the rise of colon cancer in young people. In this article, we’ll delve into the foods that promote colon health, how fiber prevents colon cancer and which foods to steer clear of if you have polyps.

The Significance of Diet in Preventing Colon Cancer

A rounded diet packed with fiber, antioxidants, vitamins and minerals can greatly impact the health of your colon. Research indicates that what you eat plays a role in warding off cancer and other digestive problems. Incorporating colon-healthy foods into your diet can help maintain a healthy digestive system and reduce the risk of developing polyps and colon cancer.

Best Foods for Colon Health

1. High-Fiber Foods

Fiber is essential for maintaining a healthy colon. It helps keep the digestive system running smoothly by promoting regular bowel movements and preventing constipation. 

Numerous studies have shown a link between high-fiber diets and a reduced risk of colon cancer. Fiber helps move waste through the digestive tract more efficiently, reducing the time that potential carcinogens are in contact with the colon lining. A high-fiber diet can also help maintain a healthy weight, which is important because obesity is a risk factor for colon cancer.

Aim to consume at least 25-30 grams of fiber per day from a variety of sources.

  • Fruits and Vegetables: Apples, pears, berries, broccoli, carrots, and leafy greens are excellent sources of fiber.
  • Whole Grains: Brown rice, whole wheat bread, oatmeal, quinoa, and barley provide substantial fiber.
  • Legumes: Beans, lentils, chickpeas, and peas are fiber-rich and can be easily incorporated into various meals.
  • Nuts and Seeds: Almonds, chia seeds, flaxseeds, and sunflower seeds are also good sources of fiber.

If you’re still struggling with fiber intake, include up to 30 grams of fiber supplement like Benefiber or Metamucil to your daily routine.

2. Probiotic-Rich Foods

Probiotics are beneficial bacteria that promote a healthy gut microbiome, which is essential for colon health. Probiotic-rich foods can help maintain a balance of good bacteria in the digestive system, improving digestion and reducing inflammation.

  • Yogurt: Choose plain, unsweetened yogurt with live and active cultures.
  • Kefir: A fermented milk drink that is rich in probiotics.
  • Sauerkraut: Fermented cabbage that is a good source of probiotics.
  • Kimchi: A spicy fermented vegetable dish that contains probiotics.
  • Miso: A fermented soybean paste used in soups and sauces.

3. Antioxidant-Rich Foods

Antioxidants help protect the body from damage caused by free radicals and can reduce inflammation in the colon. Foods rich in antioxidants can contribute to overall colon health.

  • Berries: Blueberries, strawberries, raspberries, and blackberries are high in antioxidants.
  • Leafy Greens: Spinach, kale, and Swiss chard are packed with antioxidants.
  • Nuts and Seeds: Walnuts, almonds, and sunflower seeds contain antioxidants.
  • Green Tea: Contains catechins, a type of antioxidant that can benefit colon health.

What Foods to Avoid If You Have Polyps

Certain foods can increase the risk of developing colon polyps and should be limited or avoided, especially if you have a history of polyps.

  • Red and Processed Meats: Studies have linked the consumption of red and processed meats to an increased risk of colon polyps and cancer. According to the World Health Organization (WHO), just eating one hot dog (50 grams) of processed meat increases your chance of colon cancer by up to 18%. The Surgery Group of LA recommends consistently replacing your sausage and steaks with turkey, fish, and chicken, and if you must have that steak limit it to 18oz per week.
  • Refined Grains: White bread, white rice, and pastries lack fiber and can contribute to digestive issues.
  • Sugary Foods and Beverages: While sugar intake itself has no reported connection with colon cancer, there are numerous studies outlining excess added sugar with obesity and weight gain which are risk factors for colon cancer. If you struggle to cut out sugary foods, consider alternatives that use diet or natural sweeteners.
  • Alcohol: Excessive alcohol consumption is associated with a higher risk of colorectal cancer.

Summary

A healthy diet plays a crucial role in maintaining colon health and preventing diseases like colon cancer. Incorporating high-fiber foods, probiotics, and antioxidants can promote a healthy digestive system and reduce the risk of colon polyps and cancer. Avoiding red and processed meats, refined grains, and sugary foods can further protect colon health. By making mindful dietary choices, you can support your colon health and overall well-being.

While keeping active and maintaining a healthy diet is crucial to colon health, colon screenings are imperative to detecting and removing polyps or colorectal growths before they develop into cancer. The American Cancer Society recommends adults over 45 get regular colorectal screenings. If you need a colonoscopy or other colorectal screening done, call us at 310-861-7493 to schedule a consultation with one of our colorectal surgeons.

June 30, 2024

Colorectal
Types of Colorectal Surgery: A Comprehensive Guide

Colorectal surgery encompasses a range of procedures designed to treat diseases of the colon, rectum, and anus. Among the most common indications for colorectal surgery are colorectal cancer, inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), diverticulitis, and rectal prolapse. Understanding the various types of colorectal surgery is crucial for patients facing these conditions and for healthcare providers guiding them through treatment options. This article delves into the primary types of colorectal surgical procedures, with a particular focus on operations for colon cancer.

Colectomy

Total Colectomy

A total colectomy involves the removal of the entire colon. This procedure is often performed for patients with extensive colorectal cancer, severe Crohn’s disease, or ulcerative colitis. After removing the colon, the surgeon typically connects the end of the small intestine to the rectum (ileo-rectal anastomosis) or creates a stoma for waste elimination.

    Partial Colectomy

    A partial colectomy, or segmental resection, involves the removal of only the diseased portion of the colon. This type of surgery is common in treating localized colon cancer, diverticulitis, or certain cases of Crohn’s disease. The remaining sections of the colon are then reconnected (anastomosis) to restore bowel function.

    Proctocolectomy

    A proctocolectomy involves the removal of both the colon and rectum. This procedure is often indicated for patients with familial adenomatous polyposis (FAP) or ulcerative colitis that affects both the colon and rectum. After the removal, an ileal pouch-anal anastomosis (IPAA) or a permanent ileostomy may be performed to manage waste.

    Low Anterior Resection (LAR)

    Low anterior resection is a surgical procedure primarily used to treat rectal cancer located in the upper two-thirds of the rectum. During LAR, the surgeon removes the cancerous portion of the rectum and a segment of the sigmoid colon, followed by reconnection of the remaining rectum to the colon. This procedure preserves the anal sphincter, allowing for normal bowel movements post-surgery.

    Abdominoperineal Resection (APR)

    Abdominoperineal resection is a surgery used for rectal cancer located very close to the anus, where sphincter preservation is not possible. In APR, both the anus and rectum are removed, and a permanent colostomy is created for waste elimination. This procedure is less common than LAR but is necessary for tumors invading the anal sphincter.

    Hemicolectomy

    A hemicolectomy is the removal of one side of the colon. There are two types:

      • Right Hemicolectomy: Removes the ascending colon, often performed for cancers or diseases located in this area.
      • Left Hemicolectomy: Removes the descending colon, indicated for conditions affecting this segment.

      Transanal Endoscopic Microsurgery (TEM)

      Transanal endoscopic microsurgery is a minimally invasive procedure used to remove benign polyps or early-stage rectal cancer. Using specialized instruments and a rectoscope, the surgeon excises the tumor through the anus without making external incisions. TEM offers quicker recovery times and fewer complications compared to traditional surgery.

      Colostomy and Ileostomy

      A colostomy or ileostomy involves creating an opening (stoma) on the abdominal wall for waste elimination. This may be temporary or permanent, depending on the underlying condition and the extent of surgery required.

        Temporary Stomas

        Temporary stomas are often created to allow the colon or rectum to heal after surgery. Once healing is complete, a reversal surgery is performed to restore normal bowel function.

        Permanent Stomas

        Permanent stomas are necessary when the lower colon, rectum, or anus is removed, and normal bowel function cannot be restored.

        Laparoscopic and Robotic Surgery

        Minimally invasive techniques, such as laparoscopic and robotic surgery, are increasingly used in colorectal procedures. These techniques involve small incisions and the use of specialized instruments, resulting in less pain, shorter hospital stays, and quicker recovery times compared to traditional open surgery.

          Laparoscopic Colectomy

          Laparoscopic colectomy is a minimally invasive procedure where the surgeon removes the diseased part of the colon through small incisions using a laparoscope. This method is often used for various types of colon cancer surgery and offers significant benefits in terms of recovery and postoperative pain.

          Robotic-Assisted Surgery

          Robotic-assisted surgery provides enhanced precision and control, allowing for more complex procedures to be performed minimally invasively. This technology is particularly beneficial for rectal surgery types where maneuverability and accuracy are critical.

          Statistics and Outcomes

          Minimally invasive techniques have been associated with improved outcomes for colorectal surgery. A study published in the Journal of the American Medical Association (JAMA) reported that patients undergoing laparoscopic colorectal surgery had a shorter hospital stay, less postoperative pain, and a quicker return to normal activities compared to open surgery.

          Summary

          Understanding the types of colorectal surgery is essential for patients and healthcare providers alike. Each procedure, from colectomy to minimally invasive techniques, plays a crucial role in treating various colorectal conditions, particularly colorectal cancer. With advancements in surgical technology and techniques, patients can expect better outcomes and quicker recovery times, improving their quality of life post-surgery.

          If you or a loved one is facing colorectal surgery, consult with a qualified colorectal surgeon to discuss the best treatment options tailored to your specific condition. Early intervention and appropriate surgical care can significantly impact prognosis and overall health outcomes.

          May 30, 2024

          Colorectal
          6 Signs of a colon infection and what causes it?

          Colon infections, also known as colonic infections or bowel infections, can cause discomfort and disrupt normal bowel function. Recognizing the signs and understanding the underlying causes of colon infections is crucial for prompt diagnosis and treatment. In this article, we’ll explore six common signs of a colon infection and delve into the factors that contribute to this condition.

          6 Common Signs of a Colon Infection

          Abdominal Pain and Cramping

          One of the primary symptoms of a colon infection is abdominal pain and cramping. The pain may vary in intensity and location but is often described as sharp or crampy and localized in the lower abdomen. According to recent studies, abdominal pain is reported in up to 90% of cases of colon infections.

          Diarrhea or Changes in Bowel Habits

          Diarrhea is a common symptom of colon infections and may be accompanied by urgency, frequency, or loose stools. In some cases, individuals may experience alternating episodes of diarrhea and constipation. Changes in bowel habits are reported in approximately 80% of cases of colonic infections.

          Rectal Bleeding or Blood in Stool

          Rectal bleeding or blood in the stool can occur with certain types of colon infections, particularly those that cause inflammation or damage to the lining of the colon. The presence of blood in the stool may range from bright red streaks to dark, tarry stools. Studies indicate that rectal bleeding occurs in approximately 30-40% of cases of colon infections.

          Fever and Chills

          Fever and chills are systemic symptoms that may accompany a colon infection, especially if it is caused by a bacterial or viral pathogen. Fever is the body’s response to infection and indicates an immune response to the invading microorganism. According to research, fever and chills are present in approximately 50% of cases of colon infections.

          Nausea and Vomiting

          Nausea and vomiting may occur in individuals with severe or complicated colon infections, particularly if there is significant inflammation or obstruction of the colon. These symptoms may also be accompanied by loss of appetite and dehydration. Studies suggest that nausea and vomiting occur in approximately 20-30% of cases of colonic infections.

          Fatigue and Weakness

          Fatigue and weakness are common symptoms of many infections, including colon infections. These symptoms may result from the body’s immune response to the infection, as well as the metabolic demands of fighting off the invading pathogens. Fatigue and weakness are reported in approximately 40-50% of cases of colon infections.

          Causes of Colon Infections

          Colon infections can be caused by a variety of factors, including:

          • Bacterial pathogens: Certain bacteria, such as Escherichia coli, Salmonella, Shigella, and Campylobacter, can cause infectious colitis or enteritis when ingested through contaminated food or water.
          • Viral infections: Viruses such as norovirus, rotavirus, and adenovirus can cause gastroenteritis, leading to inflammation of the colon and bowel infections.
          • Parasitic infections: Parasites such as Giardia lamblia, Entamoeba histolytica, and Cryptosporidium can infect the colon and cause symptoms of colitis or enteritis.
          • Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD): Chronic conditions such as Crohn’s disease and ulcerative colitis can cause inflammation and ulceration of the colon, increasing the risk of infections.
          • Antibiotic use: Prolonged or inappropriate use of antibiotics can disrupt the normal balance of bacteria in the colon, leading to overgrowth of harmful bacteria and increased susceptibility to infections.

          Summary

          Colon infections can cause a range of symptoms, including abdominal pain, diarrhea, rectal bleeding, fever, nausea, and fatigue. Recognizing the signs and understanding the underlying causes of colon infections is essential for prompt diagnosis and treatment. If you experience symptoms of a colon infection, seek medical evaluation and treatment from a healthcare provider to prevent complications and promote recovery.

          May 12, 2024

          colon cancer text cloud
          Colorectal
          Understanding the Stages of Colon Cancer

          Colon cancer is a significant health concern worldwide, affecting millions of individuals each year. Understanding the stages of colon cancer is crucial for early detection, timely treatment, and improved outcomes. In this article, we’ll delve into the various stages of colon cancer, from stage 0 to stage IV, and explore key aspects such as progression, staging methods, and prognosis.

          What Are the Stages of Colon Cancer?

          Colon cancer staging is a systematic way of classifying the extent of the disease based on factors such as tumor size, invasion into surrounding tissues, lymph node involvement, and the presence of distant metastases. The stages of colon cancer help healthcare providers determine the most appropriate treatment approach and predict patient outcomes.

          Stage 0

          Also known as carcinoma in situ, stage 0 colon cancer is confined to the innermost layer of the colon lining. At this early stage, cancer cells have not invaded deeper layers or spread to nearby lymph nodes or distant organs.

          Stage I

          In stage I colon cancer, the disease has progressed beyond the inner lining of the colon but has not spread to nearby lymph nodes or distant organs. Tumors at this stage are typically small and localized, with minimal invasion into the deeper layers of the colon wall. 

          Despite the absence of lymph node involvement or distant metastases, stage I colon cancer requires prompt medical attention and treatment. Surgical removal of the tumor, often along with a segment of the colon, is the primary treatment approach for stage I colon cancer. In some cases, additional treatments such as chemotherapy or targeted therapy may be recommended based on individual factors.

          Stage II

          In stage II colon cancer, the disease has progressed beyond the inner lining of the colon and may have penetrated deeper layers of the colon wall. Like stage I, stage II colon cancer has not spread to nearby lymph nodes or distant organs. However, tumors in stage II may be larger and more invasive than those in stage I. 

          Treatment for stage II colon cancer typically involves surgical removal of the tumor and surrounding tissue, often followed by adjuvant therapy such as chemotherapy or radiation therapy. The goal of treatment is to remove the cancerous tissue completely and reduce the risk of recurrence. Despite the higher risk of recurrence compared to stage I, many patients with stage II colon cancer can achieve successful outcomes with appropriate treatment and close monitoring.

          Stage III 

          Stage III colon cancer indicates that cancer cells have spread to nearby lymph nodes but have not metastasized to distant organs. This stage is further subdivided into subcategories (IIIa, IIIb, IIIc) based on the extent of lymph node involvement and other factors such as tumor size and depth of invasion. 

          In stage IIIa, cancer cells may be present in one to three nearby lymph nodes, while in stage IIIb, cancer has spread to four or more lymph nodes. Stage IIIc indicates cancer that has spread to nearby lymph nodes and has penetrated through the outermost layers of the colon wall, increasing the risk of recurrence and the need for more aggressive treatment. The prognosis for stage III colon cancer varies depending on factors such as the number of lymph nodes involved, the location of the tumor, and the overall health of the patient.

          Stage IV 

          Stage IV, also known as metastatic colon cancer, is the most advanced stage, where cancer has spread to distant organs such as the liver, lungs, or other parts of the body. At this stage, the cancer is considered incurable, and the primary goal of treatment is to manage symptoms, control the spread of the disease, and improve the patient’s quality of life. 

          Treatment options for stage IV colon cancer may include surgery to remove metastatic tumors, chemotherapy, targeted therapy, immunotherapy, and other palliative measures to alleviate pain and discomfort.

          How are Colon Cancer Stages Determined?

          Colorectal cancer staging typically involves a combination of diagnostic tests and imaging studies, including colonoscopy, biopsy, computed tomography (CT) scans, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), and positron emission tomography (PET) scans. These tests help healthcare providers determine the stage of the disease and develop an appropriate treatment plan.

          How Quickly Does Colon Cancer Progress?

          The progression of colon cancer varies widely from person to person and depends on factors such as tumor biology, genetic predisposition, and overall health status. In general, colon cancer tends to develop slowly over several years, progressing through the stages over time. However, some aggressive forms of colon cancer may grow and spread more rapidly.

          Prognosis and Treatment Options

          The prognosis for colon cancer varies depending on the stage at diagnosis, with earlier stages generally associated with better outcomes. Treatment options for colon cancer may include surgery, chemotherapy, radiation therapy, targeted therapy, and immunotherapy. The choice of treatment depends on factors such as the stage of the disease, the location of the tumor, and the individual’s overall health.

          Regular colorectal screenings, awareness of symptoms, and prompt medical evaluation are key to detecting colon cancer in its earliest, most treatable stages. If you have concerns about your risk of colon cancer or notice any symptoms, consult your healthcare provider for further evaluation and guidance.

          March 7, 2024

          Surgery Group LA
          Colon: What is it?

          ” …Eat more spinach son, good for your Colon! 

          …My doctor says I need a colonoscopy!

          …Ow! She hit me right in the colon!”

          As part of the Surgeon Group of LA’s simple biology tour, we introduce our lovely friend:

          The Colon!

          Colon:

          The largest intestine inside the digestive system, the colon connects the small intestine and the anus and is a crucial part of the entire digestive system. It’s basically where all the good stuff that you need, like water and nutrients, gets absorbed from the food you eat.

          Job Description: To completely absorb the nutrients, water, and energy from the partially digested food coming from your Small Intestine

          Aliases: Large Intestine, the poop chute, the 5 feet poop maker

          Size: 5 feet long, can be approximately 3 inches wide or as low as 1 inch wide depending on the region

          Altogether the large intestine gets the food you chew up and turns it into energy. Albeit with poop too.

          Myth# 1 Poop takes 72 hours to digest

          The truth is, people, vary widely on how long food stays in their colons.

          Generally, though, the colon spends anywhere from 12 to 48 hours turning mashed-up food into a waste product.

          Myth # 2 You should poop every day

          There is simply no medical evidence that backs this up.

          The truth again is that people vary widely on how many times they poo, from a few times a day to once every three. If it takes you more than 72 hours in between bowel movements, it may be time to speak to a doctor.

          Myth# 3 Red blood in your stool means colon cancer

          Darkened, semi-clotted blood inside of your stool may perhaps be a sign of colon cancer.

          However, if the blood in your stool is red, and does not come from inside your stool, it could be a sign of:

          • hernia
          • Hemorrhoids
          • Chronic constipation
          • Ulcers

          Any blood in your stool = time to see a doctor.

          However, most likely after a colonoscopy, your doctor will prescribe some preparation h and a high-fiber diet. No need to panic just yet.

          Myth# 4 Fiber is all I need for a good colon

          The truth is, you can have all the fiber in the world, but if you:

          • Constantly overweight and obese
          • Smoke
          • Excessively drink

          You will highly increase your chance of developing colon problems.

          Fiber or juice cleanse be damned.

          And on that point.

          Myth# 5 Juice cleanses work!

          This is the myth that will especially tick off your doctors.

          Every once in a while juice cleanses may be a way to reduce calories and increase the number of vitamins you get from fruits and vegetables. However, nearly every study done on juice cleanses show they have no effect on colon health. You’re likely better off adding some green tea and whole fruits to your diet and calling it a day.

          Conclusion

          With a good diet and exercise plan, checkups, and occasionally an apple or two, your colon should stay good as new. Additionally scheduling a yearly colonoscopy is recommended for adults over 45. Especially if you have colon problems in your family.

          If you or a loved one have questions about colon health, schedule an appointment with your doctor today.

          January 4, 2023

          Surgery Group LA
          What happens if a pilonidal cyst remains untreated?

          Pilonidal cysts are tiny pockets of pus that grow around the base of the spine. Itchy ingrown hairs grow through the inside of the skin and cause pus to grow.

          Pus growths like this get infected very often. These infections can cause hard painful lumps to form that cause:

          • Nausea and sickness
          • Itchiness and swelling around the spine
          • Pain while sitting or lying down

          If your pilonidal cyst is left untreated. Crucially, if symptoms do not improve and even worsen, these cysts can increase your chance of developing:

          • Multiple Cysts – Cysts left untreated can spread to other parts of the skin nearby and causing more cysts to grow
          • Skin Cancer – While only slight, a reoccurring untreated cyst can cause squamous cell carcinoma. While rare, recording cysts can cause also cause inflammation which generally increases the risk of skin cancer
          • Fistula – If the cysts start to spread and infect the anal cavity they can to veins in the internal organs which may cause sepsis and even death if left wholly untreated

          How are pilonidal cysts treated?

          The good news is that the treatment of a Pilonidal cyst is quite simple: cut the cyst open and drain it. Depending on the severity and length of the cyst you may explore these three options:

          • Incision, drainage – for cysts with a low chance of reoccurrence and reinfection, great for fairly young patients who are getting their first pilonidal cyst
            • Pros – quick, usually effective, and won’t put you out for too long
            • Cons – won’t completely remove the chance of it coming back
          • Surgical cyst removal – for cysts that keep reoccurring, these can lead to less reoccurrence but will put the patient out of commission for longer
            • Pros – Much more effective at stopping it from coming back
            • Cons – Will need stitches and can cause pain for a week or two

          How to avoid getting pilonidal cysts?

          That’s all well and good but how do you avoid getting these painful irritants in the forest place, or finally stop getting them back? Here are a few tips:

          • Keep your butt clean and dry as much as you can – this one should be self-explanatory!
          • Shaving hair around the buttocks – Doing this at least once a week can reduce the chance of ingrown hairs, a usual cause of cysts
          • Practice squatting and sitting with good form – if you have an office job and have to sit focus on :
          • Lose weight – the sad fact is that ingrown hairs and infections drop when your dietary habits and exercise habits become healthier. So I know it’s getting cold but get on that treadmill and get some fiber in you!

          Pilonidal cysts can be a huge nuisance but there are easy solutions for prevention and treatment.

           If you or a loved one are suffering from a pilonidal cyst today, speak to a medical professional as soon as you can.

          October 29, 2022

          Surgery Group LA
          How to Prepare for a Colonoscopy: A Step-by-Step Guide

          Whether it’s checking for colon cancer, internal hemorrhoids, or just a bad case of constipation, colonoscopies are a crucial medical diagnostic tool that has alerted doctors on the status of many colon maladies. However, these procedures can be a little anxiety-inducing. Will it hurt a lot? Do I have to drink special fluids before? How long is this going to put me out? Use this article as a helpful guide for all your questions regarding your scheduled colonoscopy.

          Step 1: Consult Your Doctor

          Before the procedure, your doctor will provide specific instructions based on your medical history and current medications. Inform your doctor if you are:

          • Taking blood thinners
          • Diabetic
          • Pregnant
          • Allergic to any medications

          Step 2: Adjust Your Diet (3-5 Days Before)

          Switch to a low-fiber diet a few days before the colonoscopy. This helps reduce the residue in your intestines. Recommended foods include:

          • Clear soups
          • White bread, pasta, and rice
          • Cooked vegetables without skin
          • Lean meats

          Keep food clear and to a minimum. Avoid fried foods, any bright red foods as this will impact your stool color and high-fiber foods such as:

          • Whole grains
          • Raw vegetables
          • Nuts and seeds
          • Fruits with skin or seeds

          Step 3: Begin Bowel Prep (1 Day Before)

          Bowel preparation is critical to ensure that the colon is completely clear for the procedure. The key to the game is simple: emptying the bowels prior to your appointment. Without this crucial step, any growths, polyps, or abnormalities may be missed. 

          Your doctor will prescribe a laxative solution, which you will need to drink according to the given schedule. Tips for successful bowel prep:

          • Follow the Timing: Drink the solution in divided doses as instructed (usually half in the evening and the rest in the morning).
          • Stay Hydrated: No solid foods at all. If you can handle it a fast could be helpful, but you can supplement this window by drinking plenty of clear fluids such as water, clear broth, or electrolyte drinks to prevent dehydration.
          • Expect Frequent Bathroom Trips: The laxative will cause frequent bowel movements, so stay near a bathroom.

          Step 4: What to Expect on the Day of the Procedure

          On the day of your colonoscopy:

            • Bring a Companion: Since you will be sedated during the procedure, you’ll need someone to drive you home afterward.
            • No Eating or Drinking: Avoid all food and drink except for small sips of water if needed for medications.
            • Wear Comfortable Clothing: Opt for loose, comfortable clothing.

            How to know if my colonoscopy prep is working

            While following these steps should allow you a worry-free colonoscopy, for the hypervigilant, check for these steps that your colonoscopy prep is working:

            • Bowel movements are watery and clear
            • Seek medical attention if your bowel movements have become bloody or you are suffering from chronic constipation even after drinking the bowel cleansing liquid.

            During and After The Colonoscopy

            The good news is that once you’re ready, a colonoscopy takes less than an hour to complete and you should be at the doctors for no more than 2-3 hours including prep and recovery. 

            Your doctor will often begin by administering a light sedative. This means you will need to get a ride home after your test, and you should call off work on the day of the test. The sedative and test take about an hour to wear off but you should spend the rest of the day relaxing. If your doctor has found any polyps that are worth consideration they will let you know and send them off for further testing.

            4 quick tips for colonoscopy prep:

            • Read your colonoscopy prep instructions asap – you don’t want to have to reschedule cause you missed a crucial step
            • Consider nonsugar sweeteners like kool-aid or stevia to keep you from being bored of drinking water
            • Consider drinking your colonoscopy prep fluid cold, sweetened, and through a straw to make it easier to put down
            • Once the fluids and diet kick in, keep your clothes nice and loose and try to take a little time off work if you can, it might be hard to stay away from the bathroom for the time being

            Preparing for a colonoscopy may seem daunting, but following these steps will make the process smoother and more effective. Proper preparation ensures that your doctor can get a clear view of your colon, making it easier to detect any issues early. If you have any concerns or questions during the preparation process, don’t hesitate to contact your healthcare provider.

            September 16, 2022

            Surgery Group LA
            How to lower your risk of colon cancer by managing obesity

            March is colorectal cancer awareness month, and it’s about time as colorectal cancer is skewing younger and younger around the world.

            With young adults suffering from higher rates of sedentary lifestyles, poor eating habits, and lack of exercise, doctors have changed their best practices so that colorectal cancer screenings start at 45 instead of the previously recommended 50.

            This is because obesity, almost as much as age, increases people’s susceptibility to colorectal cancer.

            These risks have become so thoroughly documented that it has become compared to the effects of smoking on the chances of getting lung cancer. In a study in the UK, patients who carried just a few more pounds of weight on their body for a few years suffered a 25% higher chance of getting colorectal cancer compared to their lighter counterparts.

            This is believed to happen because fat tissue triggers the creation of chemicals that cause inflammation, which in turn makes it easier for tumor cells to grow in the body. 

            Obesity is a proven risk factor for the development of colorectal cancer, here 3 tips to help manage your obesity.

            Instead of less unhealthy foods, think more healthy foods! 

            While it may be tempting to just eliminate fast food, soda, and cookies, this can often cause cravings and inevitably give up together. Dieticians instead recommend adding as many colon healthy foods as you can, even if they come in a slightly compromised state. Can’t stand chicken breast and broccoli? How about fried chicken and country potatoes instead? The goal is to eat healthier incrementally, allowing you and your body to begin to find healthy food you enjoy and can stick to eating.

            Move, move, move!

            While doctors recommend 150 minutes of moderately intense activity a week, you might need to start slow. Perhaps a long walk while listening to your favorite podcast, a couple of squats spread throughout the day. Any extra movement helps burn calories and keeps your body fit.

            Counseling

            Sometimes our reasons for overeating or not exercising are related to a more emotional or trauma-related issue. Therapists and support groups can provide key insights as well as a valuable support as you work through your weight loss and overall health journey.

            If you or a loved one may be suffering from colorectal cancer, speak with a medical professional today.

            March 23, 2022

            Surgery Group LA
            How long will my hemorrhoids last?

            Hemorrhoids are swollen veins that form around the anus or lower rectum that can form internally inside of the rectum, or externally around the anal opening. 

            Hemorrhoids are very common, 75 percent of all people will suffer from hemorrhoids at one one of their life and are easy to treat. However, if Hemorrhoids are left untreated and unmanaged for can cause pain, itchiness that can affect the quality of your life.

            How long will my hemorrhoid last?

            Most hemorrhoids are small and will clear up after a few days without treatment, though you may need to consider making some diet and lifestyle changes.

            However, if the hemorrhoids are internal and large, they may last for weeks and require treatment before they are able to heal.

            How can I treat my hemorrhoids?

            The great news about hemorrhoids is that lifestyle changes may help you heal from them faster. Consider adding more high-fiber foods to your diet so that you are able to pass your stools without straining, which can often exacerbate your hemorrhoids.

            Doctors also recommend relieving yourself as soon as you feel the need to go and stay on the toilet only as long as you need to do. After you pass a bowel movement, wash the area around your anus with a moist wipe and consider an occasional warm bath around your anal area.

            If you still need more aid, over-the-counter drugs like preparation H have proven to be effective in treating hemorrhoids.

            How do I prevent future hemorrhoids?

            Once you’ve had hemorrhoids, it is likely that you will suffer from them again. About 1 out of 231 people who suffered from hemorrhoids suffered from hemorrhoids again in the future. 

            To combat this, doctors strongly recommend:

            •  Getting your daily fiber intake of 25 grams a day for women and 38 grams of fiber a day for men. 
            • Exercising Regularly, which means exercising at least 150 minutes of aerobic exercise like a brisk walk a week, and at least 2 strength-based exercises a week.
            • Managing your weight so that you are not overweight or obese, which can cause strain on your bowel movements

            If you have any other questions on hemorrhoids, it might be time to speak with your medical professional

            September 5, 2021



            Surgery Group of LA is a multi-specialty surgical practice based in Los Angeles, dedicated to providing expert, compassionate care across a wide range of specialties including colorectal, thyroid, general, and minimally invasive surgery. Our board-certified surgeons are committed to delivering personalized treatment using the latest technology and techniques.

            Patient Resources

            310-861-7493

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            Los Angeles, CA 90048
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